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FASB

Sep 06

Understanding in-kind donations

By Sponsor Insight

by Michael A. Staton, CPA, managing director, Alerding CPA Group

In-kind donations have been part of the nonprofit world for a long time. Galas have silent auctions that require a significant number of items to be contributed for their donors to bid on and generate contributions for the organization to fund its nonprofit mission.

Items are needed to perform the services nonprofits offer to benefactors and perform day-to-day tasks. Examples of such donations can include a box truck to deliver food, clothing, or kitchen equipment used in food preparation to serve to the homeless. The list goes on and on of the many types of items that nonprofits receive on a daily basis from generous donors.

Any non-cash item that a nonprofit receives from a donor is considered an “in-kind” donation and carries its own specific measurement and reporting requirements. In-kind contributions are categorized into two main classifications under U.S. GAAP. They are classified as either in-kind “goods” or in-kind “services.” In-kind goods or services should be valued and recorded in your general ledger based on fair market value.

Fair market value is the price you would have paid for the goods or services if you would have had to go out and purchase the items. Remember, the general rule for donated services is still that you only record the cost of the service if you would have “purchased the service if they had not been donated.” Most volunteer hours are still not considered in-kind donations of services; only those that are specialized.

In September 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2020-07 on Topic 958. The new ASU addresses Presentation and Disclosures by Not-for-Profit Entities for Contributed Nonfinancial Assets. The new ASU was not aimed at changing how we recognize the In-kind contributions, but rather on providing transparency on the disclosure of the donations to the readers of the organization’s financial statements.

The new guidelines require the nonprofit to report the in-kind donations on a separate line in the Statement of Activities so the reader can clearly identify the number of in-kind contributions recognized by the organization. Cash and non-cash donations can no longer be grouped under the “contributions” line item.

There are also several changes that will need to be made to the note disclosures if your organization provides formal statements to its contributors and benefactors. All in-kind contributions will be disclosed by the type of asset contributed. Examples would include legal services, advertising, equipment, materials, food, clothing, etc. The disclosures would also include specific information on whether the asset was “monetized or utilized” by the organization.

The policy used to determine whether to monetize or utilize an asset. If the asset was utilized the organization would describe the programs that benefited from the donation. If monetized, then the organization must disclose their policy on how donations are monetized and any restrictions on the use of the funds. All these changes are part of the overall transparency initiative of FASB and are geared toward providing donors better information.

For more guidance, contact an Alerding CPA Group account representative to discuss this and any other issues you might have.

Jun 13

How to comply to new leasing standards for nonprofits

By Sponsor Insight

by Michael A. Staton, CPA, managing director, Alerding CPA Group

As far back as 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) began discussions on the implementation of new leasing standards. The new leasing recognition guidelines, which outlined requirements for recording almost all leases on entities’ financial statements, met significant pushback from accounting professionals and businesses alike.

Well, the delays are now over. We must all comply with the new FASB standard ASU 842 in 2022. The new standard, which applies to both non-profit and for-profit organizations, became effective for all fiscal years beginning after Dec. 15, 2021. This means that, if you have leases, you must record under the new guidelines effective Jan. 1, 2022. Financial statements for calendar years ending on Dec. 31, 2022 and fiscal years ending in 2023 must be presented with the new standard.

Under the old standards, nonprofits did not record operating leases on their statements of financial position. They simply recorded “lease expense” on statement of activities while making monthly payments. The new requirements were put in place to provide more clarity about organization’s leasing arrangements and cash flow requirements. Donors will now have more information on the future financial commitments that the organization has undertaken.

Leases will be classified as either a financing lease, an operating lease, or a short-term lease.

A financing lease is the same as what we previously called a “capital lease” under the old standards. The classification criteria are basically the same, as it requires the lease term to cover substantially all of the life of the asset being leased, title to pass at the end of the lease or a below market buy-out.

Consistent with current requirements, the lease will be required to be presented on the statement of financial position as “lease assets” and “lease liabilities,” and depreciation and interest will be reflected on the statement of activities.

Operating leases recognition will be significantly changed under the new standards. Instead of simply recording the expenditure on the statement of activities when a lease payment is made, the value of the asset will be recorded just like that of the financing leases. The statement of financial position will reflect the entities “right to use” the asset and the lease liability for remainder of the term. There is no requirement to restate prior years financials for the recognition of operating leases. FASB allows for the assets to be recorded prospectively.

Short term leases of less than 12 months in duration do not need to be recorded on the financial statements. However, if the lease is expected to be renewed annually then the lease should be recorded as an operating lease or financing lease.

There are additional concerns for your non-profit beyond just recording the lease itself. The new leases that you are recording will change the face of your statement of financial position. You will now have more assets, but you will also have more debt. This could cause your ratios to change and potentially make you out of compliance with your bank or financial institution. Your debt-to-net-assets ratio could not be out of compliance, and you could also have issues with your debt service coverage ratio. Please review these ratios with your lender in advance of issuing your year-end financial statements.

For more guidance, contact an Alerding CPA Group account representative to discuss these and any other issues you might have.